高中化学必修2知识点归纳_人教版（High school chemistry knowledge required 2 induction _ Renjiaoban）.docVIP

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高中化学必修2知识点归纳_人教版（High school chemistry knowledge required 2 induction _ Renjiaoban）.doc

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高中化学必修2知识点归纳_人教版（High school chemistry knowledge required 2 induction _ Renjiaoban）

高中化学必修2知识点归纳_人教版（High school chemistry knowledge required 2 induction _ Renjiaoban） The first chapter is the periodic law of matter structure elements The same cycle, the cycle number = the number of electrons Class periodic ordinal stop elements include the number of elements and the number of electrons outside the nucleus Short period 1 H - He 21 2 Li - Ne 82 3 Na - Ar 83 Long period 4 K - Kr 184 5 Rb - Xe 185 6 Cs - Rn 326 7 incomplete Fr - 112 (118) 26 (32) 7 Seventh cycles, atomic number 113114115116117118 A number = number of electrons in the outermost shell A A A III IV V VI VII A A 0 The family number of elements of a family group element = the outermost electron number of an element (or: the principal family number = the outermost electron number) 18 longitudinal (7 main group; 7 sub group; a group 0; a group VIII (8, 9, 10 and three longitudinal)) The main group A 7 consists of short cycle elements and long cycle elements Sub group B 7 completely by long period of elements of Group VIII and all sub group known as transition metal elements VIII 1 3 longitudinal Neutral 1 rare gas element is not very lively Alkali metal lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) Structure because the outermost layer is only one electron, easy to lose electrons, showing +1 price, The density of physical properties increases gradually and gradually increases The melting point gradually decreases (abnormally) Chemically, the number of electrons outside the nucleus increases, and the outermost electrons are farther away from the nucleus, Gradually increasing the ability to lose electrons, the metal gradually increased, the more active metal Halogen fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or astatine (F, Cl, Br, I, At) Structure because the outermost layer has 7 electrons, easy to get electrons, showing -1 price, The density of physical properties increases gradually The boiling point is gradually rising (normal) Color, status, color gradually deep