Writing Chemical formula with polyatomic groups（与多元集团写化学式）.pdfVIP

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Writing Chemical formula with polyatomic groups（与多元集团写化学式）.pdf

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Writing Chemical formula with polyatomic groups（与多元集团写化学式）

Writing Chemical formula with polyatomic groups 1. Use the Periodic table to determine the combining powers of single elements. Eg. Magnesium is in Group 2 and has a combining power of 2. 2. Use Table 1 to determine the valency of the major polyatomic groups . Table 1: The Combining Power of Polyatomic Ions Combining power of 1 Combining power of 2 Combining power of 3 Ammonium ion, NH4+ Carbonate ion, CO32- Phosphate ion, PO43- Hydrogen carbonate ion, HCO3- Sulfate ion, SO42- Hydroxide ion, OH- Nitrate ion, NO3- Chemical Formula Help Rule 1: The charge tells you the combining power. Do not write the charge in the chemical formula! Eg. The chemical formula for magnesium nitrate is Mg(NO ) and not Mg2+(NO -)  or Mg(NO -)  3 2 3 2 3 2 Rule 2: Brackets() are needed when a polyatomic group 1 in a compound. Poly = ‘many’ - The hydroxide ion, formula OH , is a polyatomic group since it is made up of two different elements. Eg. The chemical formula for strontium hydroxide is Sr(OH)2 and not SrOH2  Eg. The formula for lithium hydroxide is LiOH and not Li(OH)  since there is only one OH group. Rule 3: Do not use brackets when single elements are 1 in a formula. Eg. The chemical formula for lithium carbonate is Li CO and not (Li) CO  2 3 2 3 Rule 4. Roman numerals are used for metal valencies that vary. Eg. Iron(II) oxide, FeO If in doubt use a combining power of 2. Eg. Copper sulfate, CuSO4 and lead chloride, PbCl2 Rule 5. The valency of silver is always 1. The valency of zinc is always 2.