air pollution, fetal and infant tobacco smoke exposure, and wheezing in preschool children a population-based prospective birth cohort空气污染,胎儿和婴儿接触烟草烟雾,和喘息学龄前儿童基于人群的前瞻性出生队列.pdfVIP

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air pollution, fetal and infant tobacco smoke exposure, and wheezing in preschool children a population-based prospective birth cohort空气污染,胎儿和婴儿接触烟草烟雾,和喘息学龄前儿童基于人群的前瞻性出生队列.pdf

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air pollution, fetal and infant tobacco smoke exposure, and wheezing in preschool children a population-based prospective birth cohort空气污染,胎儿和婴儿接触烟草烟雾,和喘息学龄前儿童基于人群的前瞻性出生队列

Sonnenschein-van der Voort et al. Environmental Health 2012, 11:91 /content/11/1/91 RESEARCH Open Access Air pollution, fetal and infant tobacco smoke exposure, and wheezing in preschool children: a population-based prospective birth cohort 1,2,3 4 1,3,5 1,2,6 Agnes MM Sonnenschein-van der Voort , Yvonne de Kluizenaar , Vincent WV Jaddoe , Carmelo Gabriele , 7 5 3 4 4 2 Hein Raat , Henriëtte A Moll , Albert Hofman , Frank H Pierik , Henk ME Miedema , Johan C de Jongste and Liesbeth Duijts2,3,8* Abstract Background: Air pollution is associated with asthma exacerbations. We examined the associations of exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO ) with the risk of wheezing in preschool children, and 10 2 assessed whether these associations were modified by tobacco smoke exposure. Methods: This study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study among 4,634 children. PM10 and NO2 levels were estimated for the home addresses using dispersion modeling. Annual parental reports of wheezing until the age of 3 years and fetal and infant tobacco smoke exposure was obtained by questionnaires. Results: Average annual PM10 or NO2 exposure levels per year were not associated with wheezing in the same year. Longitudinal analyses revealed non-significant tendencies towards positive associations of PM10 or NO2 exposure levels with wheezing during the first 3 years of life (overall odds ratios