sensory attenuation of self-produced feedback the lombard effect revisited感觉衰减自产的反馈伦巴第的效果再现.pdfVIP

Sensory Attenuation of Self-Produced Feedback: The Lombard Effect Revisited Amanda S. Therrien*, James Lyons, Ramesh Balasubramaniam Sensorimotor Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Abstract The Lombard effect describes the automatic and involuntary increase in vocal intensity that speakers exhibit in a noisy environment. Previous studies of the Lombard effect have typically focused on the relationship between speaking and hearing. Automatic and involuntary increases in motor output have also been noted in studies of finger force production, an effect attributed to mechanisms of sensory attenuation. The present study tested the hypothesis that sensory attenuation mechanisms also underlie expression of the Lombard effect. Participants vocalized phonemes in time with a metronome, while auditory and visual feedback of their performance were manipulated or removed during the course of the trial. We demonstrate that providing a visual reference to calibrate somatosensory-based judgments of current vocal intensity resulted in reduced expression of the Lombard effect. Our results suggest that sensory attenuation effects typically seen in fingertip force production play an important role in the control of speech volume. Citation: Therrien AS, Lyons J, Balasubramaniam R (2012) Sensory Attenuation of Self-Produced Feedback: The Lombard Effect Revisited. PLoS ONE 7(11): e49370. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049370 Editor: Paul L. Gribble, The University of Western Ontario, Canada Received August 13, 2012; Accepted October 10, 2012; Published November 8, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Therrien et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium