交感神经和副交感神经（Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves）.docVIP

交感神经和副交感神经（Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves） Sympathetic nervous system 1., the sympathetic nervous system of the circulatory organ can stimulate the heart activity, accelerate the heartbeat frequency and accelerate the heartbeat strength. To the blood vessel, it mainly promotes the contraction of the arteriole, thus increasing the peripheral resistance of the blood flow and increasing the arterial blood pressure. But the actual situation is quite complex and must be treated differently. Most human organs only accept vascular sympathetic innervation of sympathetic nerve on the abdominal viscera, blood vessels and skin blood vessels have significant effect on contraction; skeletal muscle blood vessels, both sympathetic vasoconstrictor, and sympathetic vasodilator, on the coronary circulation of the blood vessels, the direct effect of sympathetic nerve is vasoconstriction, but its indirect effect is vasodilatation. The vessels of external genital organs take the action of contraction. The blood vessels of the brain and lungs, although sympathetic, are weak. 2. of the digestive organs of sympathetic nerve has inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal motility, which reduce the tension and the frequency of gastrointestinal motility of gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and weaken the creep strength; but when gastrointestinal smooth muscle tension is too low or the activity is very weak, sympathetic nerve activity can also cause the increase. Yes, the salivary glands promote the secretion of sticky saliva. 3., the respiratory organs and sweat glands sympathetic nerve can inhibit the smooth muscle of bronchioles, which can dilate bronchioles and help ventilation. The sweat gland receives sympathetic innervation only, sympathetic nerve excitation causes sweat gland secretion. 4., the sympathetic nerve of the eyeball smooth the iris radiation muscle and causes the pupil to expand. 5. pairs of endocrine glands and adrenal medulla are innervated by sympathetic preganglionic fi