简单戒烟干预对心血管病人出院后长期戒烟效果和其影响因素.docx

regression model to obtain the independent effect factors of quitting successfully.Results: At 1 month, the abstinence rate was 75.5%. At 6, 12 months, the abstinencerate was 67.0%, and 58.0% respectively, which was declining significantly during thefollowing year(р＜0.001). Discharge diagnosis and Length of hospital stay were theindependent effect factors of quitting. Patients who diagnosed with ACS had asignificantly lower probability of a smoking relapse compared with those whodiagnosed with other cardiovascular disease: OR=0.43，95%CI（0.225～0.820）. Andpatients who stayed in hospital beyond 15 days had a significantly lower probabilityof a smoking relapse compared with those who had stayed less than 15 days:OR=0.315，95%CI（0.107～0.924）. And the other variables like sex (р=0.451) , ageat admission (р=0.104) , tobacco use (р=0.602) , nicotine dependence (р=0.701) ,level of education (р=0.105) were not the independent effect factors of quitting.Conclusion：①The effect of brief smoking for cardiovascular inpatients is obviouslygood, but the following abstinence rate declined progressively.②Discharge diagnosiswas the independent risk factor of relapse，the patients who was diagnosed withdisease associated with smoking had a higher abstinence rate.③Length of hospitalstay was also the independent risk factor of relapse，the patients who had stayedlonger had a higher abstinence rate.④Receiving a brief smoking cessation duringhospitalized and the no-smoking environment of hospital might help to promote theabstinence rate for cardiovascular inpatients.Key Words: Smoking Cessation Intervention; Cardiovascular Disease; Inpatients4引言世界上约有 10 亿男性（35%在发达国家，50%在发展中国家）和 2.5 亿女性（22%在发达国家，9%在发展中国家）吸烟[1]。全世界每天消费卷烟 150 多亿支，消费量最大的五个国家分别是：中国、美国、俄罗斯、日本和印度尼西亚。作为一个发展中国家，中国是烟草种植、生产、销售大国，也是受烟草毒害最为严重的国家。一项全球成人烟草调查项目（GATS）2010 年统计结果显示：在中国有 3亿多吸烟者，占全世界吸烟者总数的近三分之一；中国的卷烟消费量约占世界的三分之一，中国 2009 年的卷烟消费量接近 2.3 万亿支，比世界其他四大烟草消费国的总和还要多；在中国，烟草每年导致约 100 万人死亡，约占全世界同类死亡的六分之一，换言之，中国每 30 秒左右就有一人因烟草使用死亡，等于每天约死亡 3000