三七总皂苷对成年地鼠视网膜节细胞存活影响.docVIP

三七总皂苷对成年地鼠视网膜节细胞存活影响 　 作者：魏莉娜， 朱永红， 李海标 【摘要】 【目的】 探讨玻璃体注射三七总皂苷(tPNS)对视神经切断后视网膜节细胞(RGCs)存活的作用。【方法】 用荧光素逆行示踪标记法和定量解剖学技术观察正常和经tPNS处理的金黄地鼠于视神经切断后5、7、14 d时RGCs的密度。动物分为正常组、单纯切断视神经组（未注射组）、tPNS处理组和生理盐水对照组。【结果】正常RGCs平均密度为(1970 ± 82)/mm2;视神经切断后5、7、14 d时RGCs平均密度分别下降至(983 ± 48)/ mm2、(788 ± 44)/ mm2和(216 ± 37)/ mm2; 生理盐水对照组在各时间点RGCs平均密度与未注射组结果相似; tPNS处理组结果分别为(1363 ± 56)/ mm2、(1169 ± 70)/ mm2和(477 ± 25)/ mm2,与未注射组和生理盐水对照组相比在各时间点上均存在显著性差异(Plt; 0.05)。【结论】 玻璃体注射tPNS可提高成年地鼠视神经切断后RGCs的短期存活率。 【关键词】 三七总皂苷; 视网膜节细胞; 细胞存活; 成年地鼠 Abstract：【Objective】 To investigate the effects of tPNS on the survival of axotomized RGCs by intravitreal injection.【Methods】 Fluorescent retrograde tracing method and quantitative anatomical techniques were used to measure the densities of RGCs in all groups of adult hamsters. Animals were separated into 4 groups, which were normal, ON axotomied only (no injection), treated with tPNS, and treated with sodium saline.【Results】 In normal retinas, the mean densities of RGCs were (1970 ± 82)/mm2. At the 5th, 7th, and 14th day after axotomy, the mean densities of RGCs decreased to (983 ± 48)/ mm2, (788 ± 44)/ mm2， and (216 ± 37)/ mm2, respectively. In the group treated with sodium saline, the results were similar to those observed in the no injection group. In the tPNS group, the results were (1363 ± 56)/ mm2, (1169 ± 70)/ mm2， and (477 ± 25)/ mm2, respectively, which were different from the no injection group or the sodium saline group (Plt; 0.05). 【Conclusions】 tPNS could improve the survival of RGCs during short term after axotomy in adult hamsters. Key words: total panax notoginseng saponins; retinal ganglion cells; cell survival; adult hamsters 近端切断成年哺乳动物视网膜节细胞(retinal ganglion cells, RGCs)的轴突，神经元在短期内大量死亡，其原因可能为：细胞内Ca2+超载和自由基的损害；靶源性神经营养因子的缺乏；一氧化氮和兴奋性氨基酸的毒性作用。研究表明，近端切断成年哺乳动物视神经后，单一或联合给予Ca2+通道阻断剂、自由基清除剂、神经营养因子、一氧化氮合酶抑制剂或谷氨酸受体拮抗剂均能在不同程度上提高RGCs的存活率[1-5]。但神经营养因子价格昂贵且只能局部应用，Ca2+通道阻断剂和谷氨酸受体拮抗剂引起的全身副反应大，应用受限。寻求有效的中药治疗是目前研究者们关注的课题。三七总皂苷(total panax notoginseng saponins,