原创力文档automatic single-trial discrimination of mental arithmetic, mental singing and the no-control state from prefrontal activity toward a three-state nirs-bci自动实验不会歧视心算,精神唱歌和无法控制的状态从前额叶活动三态nirs-bci.pdfVIP
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automatic single-trial discrimination of mental arithmetic, mental singing and the no-control state from prefrontal activity toward a three-state nirs-bci自动实验不会歧视心算,精神唱歌和无法控制的状态从前额叶活动三态nirs-bci
Power et al. BMC Research Notes 2012, 5:141
/1756-0500/5/141
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
Automatic single-trial discrimination of mental
arithmetic, mental singing and the no-control
state from prefrontal activity: toward a three-state
NIRS-BCI
Sarah D Power1,2, Azadeh Kushki1 and Tom Chau1,2*
Abstract
Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an optical imaging technology that has recently been
investigated for use in a safe, non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) for individuals with severe motor
impairments. To date, most NIRS-BCI studies have attempted to discriminate two mental states (e.g., a mental task
and rest), which could potentially lead to a two-choice BCI system. In this study, we attempted to automatically
differentiate three mental states - specifically, intentional activity due to 1) a mental arithmetic (MA) task and 2) a
mental singing (MS) task, and 3) an unconstrained, “no-control (NC)” state - to investigate the feasibility of a three-
choice system-paced NIRS-BCI.
Results: Deploying a dual-wavelength frequency domain near-infrared spectrometer, we interrogated nine sites
around the frontopolar locations while 7 able-bodied adults performed mental arithmetic and mental singing to
answer multiple-choice questions within a system-paced paradigm. With a linear classifier trained on a ten-
dimensional feature set, an overall classification accuracy of 56.2% was achieved for the MA vs. MS vs. NC
classification problem and all individual participant accuracies significantly exceeded chance (i.e., 33%). However, as
anticipated based on results of previous work, the three-class discrimination was unsuccessful for three participants
due to the ineffectiveness of the mental singing task. Excluding these three participants increases the accuracy rate
to 62.5%. Even without training, three o
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