multiple roles of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins pathogenicity, superantigenic activity, and correlation to antibiotic resistance金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素致病性的多个角色,superantigenic活动和相关抗生素耐药性.pdfVIP

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multiple roles of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins pathogenicity, superantigenic activity, and correlation to antibiotic resistance金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素致病性的多个角色,superantigenic活动和相关抗生素耐药性.pdf

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multiple roles of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins pathogenicity, superantigenic activity, and correlation to antibiotic resistance金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素致病性的多个角色,superantigenic活动和相关抗生素耐药性

Toxins 2010, 2, 2117-2131; doi:10.3390/toxins2082117 OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 /journal/toxins Review Multiple Roles of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins: Pathogenicity, Superantigenic Activity, and Correlation to Antibiotic Resistance Elena Ortega, Hikmate Abriouel, Rosario Lucas and Antonio Gálvez * Area de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain; E-Mails: eortega@ujaen.es (E.O.); hikmate@ujaen.es (H.A.); rlucas@ujaen.es (R.L.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mail: agalvez@ujaen.es; Tel.: +34 953 212160; Fax: +34 953 212943. Received: 3 July 2010 / Accepted: 9 August 2010 / Published: 10 August 2010 Abstract: Heat-stable enterotoxins are the most notable virulence factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus, a common pathogen associated with serious community and hospital acquired diseases. Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) cause toxic shock-like syndromes and have been implicated in food poisoning. But SEs also act as superantigens that stimulate T-cell proliferation, and a high correlation between these activities has been detected. Most of the nosocomial S. aureus infections are caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, and those resistant to quinolones or multiresistant to other antibiotics are emerging, leaving a limited choice for their control. This review focuses on these diverse roles of SE, their possible correlations a