mutagenicity of ochratoxin a and its hydroquinone metabolite in the supf gene of the mutation reporter plasmid ps189赭曲霉毒素a的诱变和苯二酚代谢物的质粒ps189 supf基因突变的记者.pdfVIP

Toxins 2012, 4, 267-280; doi:10.3390/toxins4040267 OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 /journal/toxins Article Mutagenicity of Ochratoxin A and Its Hydroquinone Metabolite in the SupF Gene of the Mutation Reporter Plasmid Ps189 Steven A. Akman 1,*, Marissa Adams 1, Doug Case 2, Gyungse Park 3 and Richard A. Manderville 4,* 1 Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, NC, USA; E-Mail: madams@ 2 Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, NC, USA; E-Mail: dcase@ 3 Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Miryong-Dong, Kusan, Korea; E-Mail: parkg@kunsan.ac.kr 4 Departments of Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: sakman@ (S.A.A.); rmanderv@uoguelph.ca (R.A.M.); Tel.: +1-336-716-4464 (S.A.A.); +1-519-824-4120 (ext. 53963) (R.A.M.); Fax: +1-336-716-5687 (S.A.A.); +1-519-766-1499 (R.A.M.). Received: 9 February 2012; in revised form: 29 March 2012 / Accepted: 6 April 2012 / Published: 16 April 2012 Abstract: Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that enhances renal tumor formation in the outer medulla of male rat kidney. Direct DNA damage and subsequent mutagenicity may contribute to these processes. In this study we have determined whether OTA in the absence or presence of activated rat liver microsomes (RLM) or redox-active tra