neutralizing antibody response to hepatitis c virus丙型肝炎病毒中和抗体反应.pdfVIP

Viruses 2011, 3, 2127-2145; doi:10.3390/v3112127 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review Neutralizing Antibody Response to Hepatitis C Virus Yong Wang, Zhen-Yong Keck and Steven K. H. Foung * Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; E-Mails: yongw1@(Y.W.); zkeck@ (Z.-Y.K.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: sfoung@; Tel.: +1-650-723-6481; Fax: +1-650-725-6610. Received: 14 September 2011; in revised form: 18 October 2011 / Accepted: 22 October 2011 / Published: 2 November 2011 Abstract: A critical first step in a “rational vaccine design” approach for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is to identify the most relevant mechanisms of immune protection. Emerging evidence provides support for a protective role of virus neutralizing antibodies, and the ability of the B cell response to modify the course of acute HCV infection. This has been made possible by the development of in vitro cell culture models, based on HCV retroviral pseudotype particles expressing E1E2 and infectious cell culture-derived HCV virions, and small animal models that are robust tools in studies of antibody-mediated virus neutralization. This review is focused on the immunogenic determinants on the E2 glycoprotein mediating virus neutralization and the pathways in which the virus is able to escape from immune containment. Encouraging findings from recent