on prolonging network lifetime through load-similar node deployment in wireless sensor networks通过load-similar延长网络的生命周期在无线传感器网络节点部署.pdfVIP

Sensors 2011, 11, 3527-3544; doi:10.3390/s110403527 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article On Prolonging Network Lifetime through Load-Similar Node Deployment in Wireless Sensor Networks Qiao-Qin Li 1, Haigang Gong 1,*, Ming Liu 1, Mei Yang 2 and Jun Zheng 3 1 School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of Chengdu, Chengdu 610054, China; E-Mails: helenli803@ (Q.-Q.L.); csmliu@ (M.L.) 2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; E-Mail: meiyang@ 3 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; E-Mail: zheng@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: hggong@. Received: 30 January 2011; in revised form: 17 March 2011 / Accepted: 21 March 2011 / Published: 24 March 2011 Abstract: This paper is focused on the study of the energy hole problem in the Progressive Multi-hop Rotational Clustered (PMRC)-structure, a highly scalable wireless sensor network (WSN) architecture. Based on an analysis on the traffic load distribution in PMRC-based WSNs, we propose a novel load-similar node distribution strategy combined with the Minimum Overlapping Layers (MOL) scheme to address the energy hole problem in PMRC-based WSNs. In this strategy, sensor nodes are deployed in the network area according to the load distribution. That is, more nodes shall be deployed in the range where