poorer sustained attention in bipolar i than bipolar ii disorder持续关注贫穷比双相ii型双相i型.pdfVIP

Kung et al. Annals of General Psychiatry 2010, 9:8 /content/9/1/8 PRIMARY RESEARCH Open Access Poorer sustained attention in bipolar I than bipolar II disorder 1 2,3 2,4 4 1,2,3 Chian-Huei Kung , Sheng-Yu Lee , Yun-Hsuan Chang , Jo Yung-Wei Wu , Shiou-Lan Chen , Shih-Heng Chen1,2,3, Chun-Hsien Chu1,2,3, I-Hui Lee2,3, Tzung-Lieh Yeh2,3, Yen-Kuang Yang2,3, Ru-Band Lu1,2,3,4* Abstract Background: Nearly all information processing during cognitive processing takes place during periods of sustained attention. Sustained attention deficit is among the most commonly reported impairments in bipolar disorder (BP). The majority of previous studies have only focused on bipolar I disorder (BP I), owing to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis of bipolar II disorder (BP II). With the refinement of the bipolar spectrum paradigm, the goal of this study was to compare the sustained attention of interepisode patients with BP I to those with BP II. Methods: In all, 51 interepisode BP patients (22 with BP I and 29 with BP II) and 20 healthy controls participated in this study. The severity of psychiatric symptoms was assessed by the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Young Mania Rating Scale. All participants undertook Conners’ Continuous Performance Test II (CPT-II) to evaluate sustained attention. Results: After controlling for the severity of symptoms, age and years of education, BP I patients had a significantly longer reaction times (F(2,68) = 7.648, P = 0.001), worse detectability (d’) values (F(2,68) = 6.313, P = 0.003) and more commission errors (F(2,68) = 6.182, P = 0.004) than BP II patients and healthy controls. BP II patients and controls scored significantly higher than BP