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residential mobility during pregnancy in the north of england怀孕期间住宅流动性在英格兰的北部.pdf

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residential mobility during pregnancy in the north of england怀孕期间住宅流动性在英格兰的北部

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth BioMed Central Research article Open Access Residential mobility during pregnancy in the north of England 1 2 3 1,3 Susan Hodgson* , Mark Shirley , Mary Bythell and Judith Rankin Address: 1Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, 2Institute of Research on the Environment and Sustainability, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK and 3Regional Maternity Survey Office, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Email: Susan Hodgson* - susan.hodgson@ncl.ac.uk; Mark Shirley - m.d.f.shirley@ncl.ac.uk; Mary Bythell - mary.bythell@ncl.ac.uk; Judith Rankin - j.m.rankin@ncl.ac.uk * Corresponding author Published: 15 November 2009 Received: 6 March 2009 Accepted: 15 November 2009 BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2009, 9:52 doi:10.1186/1471-2393-9-52 This article is available from: /1471-2393/9/52 © 2009 Hodgson et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Many epidemiological studies assign exposure to an individuals residence at a single time point, such as birth or death. This approach makes no allowance for migration and may result in exposure error, leading to reduced study power and biased risk estimates. Pregnancy outcomes