review of the two-step h2oco2-splitting solar thermochemical cycle based on znzno redox reactions回顾两步h2oco2-splitting太阳能热化学循环基于znzno氧化还原反应.pdfVIP

Materials 2010, 3, 4922-4938; doi:10.3390/ma3114922 OPEN ACCESS materials ISSN 1996-1944 /journal/materials Review Review of the Two-Step H O/CO -Splitting Solar 2 2 Thermochemical Cycle Based on Zn/ZnO Redox Reactions Peter G. Loutzenhiser 1, Anton Meier 2 and Aldo Steinfeld 1,2,* 1 Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; E-Mail: peterloutzenhiser@ethz.ch (P.L.) 2 Solar Technology Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland; E-Mail: anton.meier@psi.ch (A.M.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: aldo.steinfeld@ethz.ch; Tel.: +41-44-632-7929; Fax: +41-44-632-1065. Received: 8 October 2010; in revised form: 4 November 2010 / Accepted: 8 November 2010 / Published: 12 November 2010 Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the work to date on the two-step solar H O and/or CO splitting thermochemical cycles with Zn/ZnO redox 2 2 reactions to produce H2 and/or CO, i.e., synthesis gas—the precursor to renewable liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The two-step cycle encompasses: (1) The endothermic dissociation of ZnO to Zn and O2 using concentrated solar energy as the source for high-temperature process heat; and (2) the non-solar exothermic oxidation of Zn with H O/CO to generate