原创力文档risk factors associated with cystic ovarian disease in norwegian dairy cattle风险因素在挪威奶牛与囊性卵巢疾病有关.pdfVIP
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risk factors associated with cystic ovarian disease in norwegian dairy cattle风险因素在挪威奶牛与囊性卵巢疾病有关
Nelson et al. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2010, 52:60
/content/52/1/60
RESEARCH Open Access
Risk factors associated with cystic ovarian disease
in Norwegian dairy cattle
*
Sindre T Nelson , Adam D Martin, Olav Østerås
Abstract
Background: The aims of this study were to establish the incidence of cystic ovarian disease (COD) and its
geographical and seasonal variation in Norway, investigate the effect of COD on culling rates, and describe the
effects of COD on subsequent reproductive performance and its association to twins.
Methods: Diagnosis of COD was made by veterinary surgeons in the field. Four statistical models were made all
including herd as random effect: The four different dependent variables investigated were: 1) Diagnosis of COD
between 40 and 165 days in milk or not; (n = 511,657); 2) Twins or singleton; data restricted to lactations with new
calving (n = 156,661): 3) Culling/removal or not (n = 573,184): 4) Culling due to reproductive problems; data
included only lactations which ended in culling (n = 234,232). Model 1, 3 and 4 applied Cox regression models,
and model 2 logistic regression. Independent variables were parity, twins/singletons, calving season, herd size,
region, COD occurrence in present lactation (if not dependent), and COD diagnosis in previous lactation.
Results: The incidence was 0.82% per lactation. COD increased with increasing parity, was smallest at herd size
between 35 and 85 cows. Cows in 1st parity and calved in spring had lowest hazard of COD and hazard for COD
diagnosis was highest in autumn with HR = 2.6 (1.9 - 3.4) compared to spring. There was an interaction between
parity and season. COD incidence was lower south of 60°N. Cows which experienced COD had an increased odds
of giving birth to twins OR = 2.2 (1.7 - 2.7). Of those that we
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