鄂托克旗土地规模化经营下地农田生态保护措施研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 本论文通过鄂托克旗赛乌素地区典型案例分析，以现代农业理论为理论基础，采 用实地调查、实验对比、参考文献等方法，系统的研究了额托克地区土地规模化经营 产业发展现状和主要成效，分析了土地规模化经营发展中存在的主要问题。赛乌素地 区典型案例研究充分说明了在鄂托克旗地区必须尽快实施土地规模化经营的同时，提 高机械化水平，是推进现代农业发展的必要手段。 鄂托克旗土地规模化经营相比传统耕作方式，大幅度提升了土地利用率，增加了 当地农户的经济效益，与此同时，如何对秋季收获整地之后到次年春耕之前这段“无 耕期”农田的生态保护，就成为一个不容忽视的关键问题。针对这一问题本文开展实 地调查和实验对比研究，结果表明：秸秆残茬覆盖、轮流留茬、营造防护林能有效对 0—20cm 表层农田土壤的理化性质具有不同程度的保护作用，其中秸秆残茬覆盖和轮 流留茬措施的效果尤为显著，能够有效降低冬春季节近地面风速，防止农田表层土壤 风蚀，同时还能增加表层土壤含水量和养分含量,改善土壤的物理性状,防止土壤板结, 使土壤变的更加疏松和肥沃。 因此建立完善的防护林体系，推广以“秸秆残茬覆盖，秸秆留茬”为主要特征的 保护性耕作技术，是鄂托克旗发展土地规模化经营发展模式过程中对农田生态保护的 必要保护措施。 关键词：土地规模化；农田生态；保护措施；土壤理化性质 The Study on Farmland Ecological Protection Measures under Land Formalization Management in Etuoke Abstract In this thesis, the Saiwusu was taken as the case study area, modern agriculture theory was used as the theoretical basis ，with investigation, experimental comparison, references method etc,. The situation, the main achievements and major problems were systematically studied in the development of land formalization management industry. The results fully explain that land formalization management must be implemented in Etuoke district, at the same time, improving mechanization level is necessary to the development of modern agriculture. Compared to Conventional tillage, Etuoke’s land formalization management greatly enhanced land use capability and local farmers economic benefits. Meanwhile, It has been becoming a key problem that how to protect farmland ecologic between no tillage period”, which was after autumn harvest and before the spring plowing in next year. For this key problem, the deep study was done. The result showing: straw-mulched, leave stubbly and shelterbelt could protect surface farmland soil physical and chemical properties in different degree. The methods of straw-mulched and leave stubbly wer