the effectiveness of three regions in mitochondrial genome for aphid dna barcoding a case in lachininae三个区域的有效性为蚜虫线粒体基因组dna条码技术lachininae.pdfVIP

The Effectiveness of Three Regions in Mitochondrial Genome for Aphid DNA Barcoding: A Case in Lachininae 1,2 1 1 Rui Chen , Li-Yun Jiang *, Ge-Xia Qiao * 1 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Background: The mitochondrial gene COI has been widely used by taxonomists as a standard DNA barcode sequence for the identification of many animal species. However, the COI region is of limited use for identifying certain species and is not efficiently amplified by PCR in all animal taxa. To evaluate the utility of COI as a DNA barcode and to identify other barcode genes, we chose the aphid subfamily Lachninae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as the focus of our study. We compared the results obtained using COI with two other mitochondrial genes, COII and Cytb. In addition, we propose a new method to improve the efficiency of species identification using DNA barcoding. Methodology/Principal Findings: Three mitochondrial genes (COI, COII and Cytb) were sequenced and were used in the identification of over 80 species of Lachninae. The COI and COII genes demonstrated a greater PCR amplification efficiency than Cytb. Species identification using COII sequences had a higher frequency of success (96.9% in ‘‘best match’’ and 90.8% in ‘‘best close match’’) and yielded lower intra- and higher interspecific genetic divergence values than the other two markers. The use of ‘‘tag barcodes’’ is a new approach that involves attaching a species-specific tag to the standard DNA barcode. With this method, the ‘‘barcoding overlap’’ can be nearly eliminated. As a result, we were able