原创力文档use-exposure relationships of pesticides for aquatic risk assessment用曝光农药对水生生物风险评估的关系.pdfVIP
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use-exposure relationships of pesticides for aquatic risk assessment用曝光农药对水生生物风险评估的关系
Use-Exposure Relationships of Pesticides for Aquatic Risk
Assessment
Yuzhou Luo*, Frank Spurlock, Xin Deng*, Sheryl Gill, Kean Goh
Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, California, United States of America
Abstract
Field-scale environmental models have been widely used in aquatic exposure assessments of pesticides. Those models
usually require a large set of input parameters and separate simulations for each pesticide in evaluation. In this study, a
simple use-exposure relationship is developed based on regression analysis of stochastic simulation results generated from
the Pesticide Root-Zone Model (PRZM). The developed mathematical relationship estimates edge-of-field peak
concentrations of pesticides from aerobic soil metabolism half-life (AERO), organic carbon-normalized soil sorption
coefficient (KOC), and application rate (RATE). In a case study of California crop scenarios, the relationships explained 90–
95% of the variances in the peak concentrations of dissolved pesticides as predicted by PRZM simulations for a 30-year
period. KOC was identified as the governing parameter in determining the relative magnitudes of pesticide exposures in a
given crop scenario. The results of model application also indicated that the effects of chemical fate processes such as
partitioning and degradation on pesticide exposure were similar among crop scenarios, while the cross-scenario variations
were mainly associated with the landscape characteristics, such as organic carbon contents and curve numbers. With a
minimum set of input data, the use-exposure relationships proposed in this study could be used in screening procedures for
potential water quality impacts from the off-site movement of pesticides.
Cit
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