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Axioms 2012, 1, 111-148; doi:10.3390/axioms1020111 OPEN ACCESS axioms ISSN 2075-1680 /journal/axioms Article Valued Graphs and the Representation Theory of Lie Algebras Joel Lemay Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada; E-Mail: jlema072@uottawa.ca; Tel.: +1-613-562-5800 (ext. 2104) Received: 13 February 2012; in revised form: 20 June 2012 / Accepted: 20 June 2012 / Published: 4 July 2012 Abstract: Quivers (directed graphs), species (a generalization of quivers) and their representations play a key role in many areas of mathematics including combinatorics, geometry, and algebra. Their importance is especially apparent in their applications to the representation theory of associative algebras, Lie algebras, and quantum groups. In this paper, we discuss the most important results in the representation theory of species, such as Dlab and Ringel’s extension of Gabriel’s theorem, which classifies all species of finite and tame representation type. We also explain the link between species and -species (where is a field). Namely, we show that the category of -species can be viewed as a subcategory of the category of species. Furthermore, we prove two results about the structure of the tensor ring of a species containing no oriented cycles. Specifically, we prove that two such species have isomorphic tensor rings if and only if they are isomorphic as “crushed” species, and we show that if is a perfect field, then the tensor algebra of a -specie