when action meets emotions how facial displays of emotion influence goal-related behavior当行动遇到的情绪情感的面部显示如何影响goal-related行为.pdfVIP

When Action Meets Emotions: How Facial Displays of Emotion Influence Goal-Related Behavior 1 2 3 4 3,5 Francesca Ferri *, Ivilin Peev Stoianov , Claudia Gianelli , Luigi D’Amico , Anna M. Borghi , Vittorio Gallese1,6 1 Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy, 2 Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy, 3 Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 4 Institute of Psychiatry, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy, 5 Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy, 6 Brain Center for Motor and Social Cognition, Italian Institute of Technology, Parma, Italy Abstract Many authors have proposed that facial expressions, by conveying emotional states of the person we are interacting with, influence the interaction behavior. We aimed at verifying how specific the effect is of the facial expressions of emotions of an individual (both their valence and relevance/specificity for the purpose of the action) with respect to how the action aimed at the same individual is executed. In addition, we investigated whether and how the effects of emotions on action execution are modulated by participants’ empathic attitudes. We used a kinematic approach to analyze the simulation of feeding others, which consisted of recording the ‘‘feeding trajectory’’ by using a computer mouse. Actors could express different highly arousing emotions, namely happiness, disgust, anger, or a neutral expression. Response time was sensitive to the interaction between valence and relevance/specificity of emotion: disgust caused faster response. In addition, happiness