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when information conveys meaning当信息传达的意思
Information 2012, 3, 635-643; doi:10.3390/info3040635
OPEN ACCESS
information
ISSN 2078-2489
/journal/information
Article
When Information Conveys Meaning
Anthony Reading
5004 Landstar Way, Tampa, FL 33647, USA; E-Mail: areading@
Received: 22 June 2012; in revised form: 19 October 2012 / Accepted: 26 October 2012 /
Published: 2 November 2012
Abstract: While some information is clearly meaningful and some clearly is not, no one
has been able to identify exactly what the difference is. The major obstacle has been the
way information and meaning are conceptualized: the one in the physical realm of tangible,
objective entities and the other in the mental world of intangible, subjective ones. This
paper introduces an approach that incorporates both of them within a unified framework by
defining them in terms of what they do, rather than what they are. Meaningful information
is thus conceptualized here as patterns of matter and energy that have a tangible effect on
the entities that detect them, either by changing their function, structure or behavior, while
patterns of matter and energy that have no such effects are considered meaningless. The
way that meaningful information can act as a causal agent in bio-behavioral systems
enables us to move beyond dualistic concepts of ourselves as comprised of a material body
that obeys the laws of physics and a non-material essence that is too elusive to study [1].
Keywords: meaning; information; cause and effect; observe
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