税费改革后农村公共产品地多元供给机制研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 当前，农村公共产品有效供给严重不足是制约我国农村经济发展的重要因素之 一，其直接影响到了我国协调城乡发展，建设全面小康社会目标的实现。因此，如 何解决我国当前农村公共产品的有效供给问题，己经成为解决“三农”问题的重要 内容。本文运用公共经济学的基本理论对农村公共产品进行了阐述；在此基础上， 分析了我国农村公共产品供给制度的变迁。人民公社时期我国农村公共产品实行的 是单一的政府供给机制，其特点是单纯的依靠政府力量，实行单一的政府供给以及 政府主导下的决策、筹资方式；家庭承包责任制下的农村公共产品供给机制虽然存 在着变迁，它使得农民的负担显性化，但实质上仍然是单一的政府供给机制的延续。 税费改革后，在这种单一的政府供给机制下，农村公共产品供给总量不足、结构失 衡，而且存在地区、城乡间的供给不均衡，因而不能满足新时期农村公共产品的需 求增长态势，使得供需失调，农村公共产品面临着困境。然而正是在这种困境下， 农村公共产品供给机制出现诱致性变迁，单一的政府供给机制被打破，其供给方式 呈现多元化趋势，在政府供给方式之外出现了以下两种民间供给方式：一种是以私 人或企业为主体的市场化供给方式；另一种是以村庄和第三部门为主体的自主型供 给方式。多元化的供给机制能够有效的提供农村公共产品，对于解决当前的供给困 境具有重要意义。同时，为保障农村公共产品多元供给机制的顺利运行，我们还必 须从建立农村公共产品供给的法制保障，完善转移支付制度，加强基层民主制度建 设等方面进行配套制度的改革。 关键词：税费改革；农村公共产品；多元供给机制 I Abstract Now, mangy factors restrict the development rural economics in our country, one of the most important factors is the shortage of the rural public goods when we supply it. It has a direct impact on the all-round realization of well-off society and coordinated development in urban and rural areas of our country. So, how to solve this problem has become the main content of resolving “Three Agricultural Problems”. This thesis handles basic theory of commonality economics, and expounds some knowledge about rural public goods. And then, his thesis analyses the rural public goods supply system in our country. During the peoples commune, the rural public goods supply system is single government supply system, its characteristic is that government merely depends on itself, it is the one and only main body the decision-making is only by itself. Although under the household unite production system, the rural public goods supply system has changed, but in fact it is continuance of the system during the peoples commune. After taxation