第二章 皮肤恶性肿瘤（The second chapter is skin malignant tumor）.docVIP

第二章 皮肤恶性肿瘤（The second chapter is skin malignant tumor） The second chapter is skin malignant tumor Section 1 skin cancer (Skin, carcinoma) Non melanoma skin cancer is the most common tumor in humans. Including basal cell carcinoma (basal, cell, carcinoma) and squamous cell carcinoma (squamocellular, carcinoma), can occur in various parts of the body surface. Basal cell carcinoma of the primary site for eye canthus, nasolabial sulcus and facial squamous cell carcinoma; a predilection for the scalp, eyelids, lower limbs and other parts, only lip cancer squamous cell carcinoma. Skin cancer is more common in patients over the age of 50. The lesion is easy to be found, so early, timely and correct treatment can be achieved. The cure rate is almost 100%. Metastasis of basal cell carcinoma is rare, and metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma is about 1-10% or more. Patients who do not want to see a doctor, incomplete excisional biopsy, or irregular follow-up can lead to a decrease in the rate of treatment. The direct invasion of skin cancer can cause significant loss of function and facial defects. Squamous cell carcinoma can also be transferred to regional lymph nodes, which can be transferred and disseminated into the intracranial region along the affected peripheral nerves. I. epidemiology: The incidence of skin cancer in our country is very low, but it is one of the most common malignant tumors in the white race. American Caucasian, skin cancer incidence rate of 165/10 million, the incidence of South Australias rate of 650/10 million, Chinas Shanghai City, the incidence rate of 1.53/10 million. Two. Etiology: 1. Physical factors: (1) ultraviolet radiation: the site of long-term sunlight exposure is prone to skin cancer, the duration of sunlight exposure, skin color and the occurrence of skin cancer are important. Animal experiments have shown that ultraviolet radiation can induce skin cancer in mice. Mechanism: photochemical changes in the structure of DNA, while destroyi