类比推理解题技巧（Reasoning skills in analogical reasoning）.doc

类比推理解题技巧（Reasoning skills in analogical reasoning） Lectures on analogical reasoning I. summary of questions Analogical reasoning is a reasoning ability test of the candidates, candidates give a pair of Related words (phrases), and then ask the candidates in the alternative answers out of and the logical relation in the most close to or similar words (phrases). In 2008, there were three analogical and bracketed analogical reasoning questions in national examinations and Jiangsu: For example: a:b:c is equivalent to d:e:f or a:? Equivalent to C:? This kind of test should attract our attention. Two, distinguish from analogical reasoning in logic Analogical reasoning in logic is based on the two or two kinds of objects in some properties on the same or similar, in addition to infer their attributes (which is, this property has an object analogy object another analogy there has not yet been found) a kind of reasoning is same. According to the two (or two) object is the same or similar in a series of attributes, and known one (class) object also has other properties, which launched another (class) object also has other attributes of the same. The structure of analogical reasoning can be expressed as follows: A property a, B, C, D B has attributes a, B, and C So, B has property D The analogy reasoning in the civil service examination outline should be traced back to analogical reasoning in logic, but in form it is obviously different from analogical reasoning in logic. First, the object is different. The analogy reasoning in the civil service examination is mostly two pairs of phrases with logical relation. For example, effort: success corresponds to Cultivation: Harvest; logic refers to two or two objects, such as lightning in the sky and electric spark on the ground. Second, different requirements. Analogical reasoning in a civil service examination requires candidates to search for two pairs of words with the same or similar internal logic in their choices. If the logica