高中语法复习-虚拟语气.ppt

Book Module5-6 Grammar 英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气，虚拟语气。 一、 陈述语气 用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法。有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。 二、 祈使语气 用来表示说话人的请求，命令或劝告等。动词要用原形，其否定式在动词前加do not. Let me have a try. Don’t be late again. Don’t say it in Chinese. Say it in English. Let’s go and play basketball. 三、 虚拟语气 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种与事实相反的假设，愿望，猜测或建议等等。 1.与现在事实相反 If I had time now, we should read it again. If she knew about it, she would come. If he were here, everything would be all right. 2.与过去事实相反 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. If I had had the money last year, I would have bought a car. If they had known her address, they would have written to her. 3.与将来事实相反 If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go to see my friends there. If she should come, I should ask her for help. If you were to fail to catch the train, you might take the bus. 1.错综时间条件句 当条件状语从句所表示的动作或行为和主句表示的动作所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 1. If he ____________(prepare) well for his lessons yesterday, he ____________(not have) so many difficulties now. 4 If I should meet her, I would tell her. =should I meet her, I would tell her 5 If I were in your position, I would do it better. =were I in your position, I would do it better. 6 If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. = Had they made preparations, they would have succeeded. e.g. I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. = I was busy last week, if I had not been busy last week, I would have come to see you (2).表示建议.愿望.命令等动词后的宾语从句中通常用“should+动词原形”。should可以省略． 记忆小窍门： 一坚持 insist 二命令 order, command 三建议 advise, suggest, propose, 四要求 demand, require, request, desire， (三)虚拟语气在其他从句中用法 1. 在“It +be +某些形容词或过去分词+that”的句型中，主语从句中的动词形式常用“(should)+动词原形”。 常用的形容词有：necessary, important, impossible, natural, strange 常用的过去分词通常是表示建议， 要求，命令等suggested, required, requested, demanded, ordered, desired, advised,… 7. would rather／had rather后跟从句，谓语动