条款21尽可能使用const（Clause 21 use const whenever possible）.docVIP

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条款21尽可能使用const（Clause 21 use const whenever possible）.doc

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条款21尽可能使用const（Clause 21 use const whenever possible）

条款21尽可能使用const（Clause 21 use const whenever possible） Clause 21: use const as much as possible The advantage of using const is that it allows you to specify a semantic constraint - something that can not be modified - the compiler specifically implements the constraint. With const, you can notify the compiler and other programmers that a value needs to remain the same. As long as this is the case, you need to explicitly use const because you can do so with the help of the compiler to make sure that the constraint is not broken. The const keyword is really great. Outside the class, it can be used for global or namespace constants (see clauses 1 and 47), and for static objects (local objects within a file or program block). Within the class, it can be used for both static and non static members (see Clause 12). For pointers, you can specify that the pointer itself is const, or you can specify that the pointer refers to data const, or the two is specified as const at the same time, and neither is specified as const: Char *p = hello; / / non const pointer, / const data Const char *p = hello; / / non const pointer, / / const data Char * const P = hello const; / / pointer, / const data Const char * const P = hello const; / / pointer, / / const data Grammar doesnt look so changeable. Generally speaking, you can draw a vertical line in the mind through the asterisk (*) in the pointer position, if const appears on the left side of the line, the pointer to the data is a constant; if the const line on the right, the pointer itself is constant; if both sides are const online, the two is a constant. In the case that pointers refer to constants, some programmers prefer to put const before type names, and some programmers prefer to put const in the type name followed by the asterisk. So, the following function takes the same parameter type: Class, widget {...}; Void F1 (const widget *pw); / / F1 is used to / / widget constant object pointer Void F2 (widget const *pw); / / F2 Since