高中英语 语法精讲系列(九).ppt

［例］It’s very hard for him to study two languages. It’s very nice of you to help me. He is too excited to speak. I’m only too pleased to be able to help you. 二、动词的ed形式 考点1 动词-ed形式的句法功能 ①He is an experienced teacher. ②The book published in March sells well. 相当于一个定语从句, 表示被动或完成, 单个分词前置, 分词短语作定语时后置 定语 I saw the horse tied to a tree. 及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语, 与宾语有逻辑上的被动关系, 且表示完成 宾语 补足语 The window was broken. 表示状态 表语 典 句 例 示 要 点 归 纳 句 法 功 能 ①Being blind, how could they see an elephant? ②Given a chance, we can surprise the world. 过去分词和动词的-ing形式作状语时, 其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致, 且和句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系, 否则不能使用它们作状语 Locked up, he had no way to escape. 一般式(done)同动词的-ing形式的完成被动式(having been done)均与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 且先于谓语动作发生 状语 典 句 例 示 要 点 归 纳 句 法 功 能 考点2 动词-ed形式的几个注意事项 Bitten by a dog, she is afraid to go out at night. 被狗咬了以后, 她很害怕在夜间外出。 3. 动词的-ed形式表示“被动、完成”, 表示一个被动的动作已经完成。这是及物动词最常见的用法 Seen from the top of the building, the park is more beautiful. 从楼顶上看去, 这公园更加美丽。 2. 只表示“被动”, 不表示“完成”。这是某些及物动词的一种用法 developed areas=areas that have developed 1. 不及物动词的-ed形式一般只表示“完成”, 没有被动意义 典 句 例 示 注 意 事 项 ①The captain got the soldiers moving towards the front after a short rest. ②I’ll have my bike repaired tomorrow. ③Tom had his leg broken while playing football. ④Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. 4. 注意下列句式 (1)have sth. done=get sth. done使/让某事由别人去做；使遭受 (2)have sb. do sth. =get sb. to do sth. 使/让/叫某人去做某事 (3)have sb. /sth. doing使/让某人/物持续地做某事 get sb. /sth. doing使某人/物开始行动起来 典 句 例 示 注 意 事 项 ⑤The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious. ⑥He left, leaving me to do all the work. ⑦We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. (4)leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 (5)leave sth. undone留下某事未做 (6)leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 (7)leave sth. to be done 留下某事要做 典 句 例 示 注 意 事 项 三、独立主格结构 The girl is walking in the field, packet on the back. 表位置 介词短语 Our lessons (being) over, we went to play football. 表示名词或代词所处的状态