意符知识系统研究「五官类」意符的概念衍生与知识表徵.PDFVIP

第九届汉语词汇语义学研讨会 CLSW9 意符知識系統研究： 「五官類」意符的概念衍生與知識表徵 黃居仁 陳聖怡 楊雅君 中央研究院語言學研究所，臺北 摘 要：意符是漢字的構字要件。《說文解字》（許慎121）即以意符作為漢字部首分類的基礎。因此，我們相 信《說文》部首能一定程度地反映造字時所表達的基本概念。單一意符所代表的基本概念要如何透過概念衍生 而形成一個完整的知識體系？我們透過實際的分析，並在 Pustejovsky(1995) 的「衍生詞彙理論」的基礎上，發 現漢字部首所表達的知識系統，已經具有和衍生詞彙一樣強的衍生與知識推導能力。本研究以同屬於 SUMO 「軀 體部件」類別下的《說文》意符：「目、耳、口、鼻、舌」為研究對象；遵循意符代表基本概念這個主張，進一 步將所有從屬字與各個基本概念間的關係釐清，以建構由個別基本概念帶領的意符知識系統。本文藉由對「五 官類」意符知識系統的分析、比較，發現「五官類」意符在概念衍生結構上，確實具有相似的特性。最後，將 「五官類」意符的概念衍生結構，與目、耳、口等單字詞在中文詞彙網路(Chinese WordNet)中的現代詞義對照， 也進一步地觀察到漢字意符的知識結構與其現代詞義之間的相關性。 关键词：意符；知識本體；漢字；詞彙語意 An Ontology of Chinese Radicals: Concept Derivation and Knowledge Representation based on the Semantic Symbols of the Five Sense Faculties Chu-Ren Huang, Sheng-Yi Chen, Ya-Jun Yang Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taipei Abstract: Semantic symbols are essential components of Chinese characters. ShuoWenJieZi (Xyu Shen 121) is organized according to the radical forms as semantic symbols. Characters are classified according radicals, and their meanings cluster around the basic concept of the semantic symbol. Hence, we believe that ShuoWenJieZi radicals can reflect the conventionalized conceptualization when Chinese character orthography was invented. How can the basic concept of one single semantic symbol forms a complete ontology through concept deriving? According to our analysis elaborating Generative Lexicon Theory by Pustejovsky (1995), we found that the ontology expressed by Hanzi radicals has already had the strong conceptual derivation and knowledge reasoning ability as described in the Generative Lexicon. In this research, we use the