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July 13, 2001 Tsung-Ling Chang July 13, 2001 緣起 品質 vs 成本 Cost of Poor Quality Six Sigma Quality Program 6? 專業: Black Belt 知識傳播模式 6?專業: Champion, MBB, Green Belt 企業策略專注 Six Sigma Model (1994) 領導者的承諾與投入 六標準差的演進史 解決製程問題的方法論 分析路径图 History - * M A P R. 本资料来源 更多资料请访问精品资料网() 6 Sigma 演進史 1952, Indiana, USA 1973, Bachelor, Ball State Univ. 1981, Master, Ball State Univ. 1984, Doctor, Arizona State Univ. 1994, Co-Founder, Six Sigma Academy 2003, Six Sigma Management Institute Dr. Mikel Harry: the Godfather of Six Sigma 1984 - 1988 Bill Smith: the father of Six Sigma # non-conformities correlated with product performed in its field life 不論核對總和測試制程有多好,產品在生產線發生的缺陷愈多,遺漏至客戶的缺陷也愈多 遺 漏 的 缺 陷 產 品 的 總 缺 陷 數 Bill Smith, 1985 有形可算之成本 檢驗 報廢 重工 退貨 維修 訂單流失 交期延誤 品牌形象受損 行政資源 庫存成本增加 組織改造 反應時間過長 頻繁的設計變更 無形難估之成本 更多的教育訓練 低落的士氣 看得見的品質成本只是冰山之一角 2 45,400 3 2,700 4 63 5 0.57 6 0.002 s 短期 DPMO 1.5? 的假設是有爭議的 ! (待續) 308,537 66,807 6,210 233 3.4 長期 DPMO DPU Motorola: 流程的產出平均值, 會隨著時間漸漸平移, 約達1.5? Source: Brender (1962), Evans (1975) 69.10000% 93.32000% 99.37900% 99.97670% 99.99966% 短期 vs 長期製程能力 Logic Filter: Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control Bob Galvin: “The Six Sigma Quality Program” 1988, Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Jan. 25, 1987 @ 1988 – 1989 @ Cliff Ames: Karate enthusiast Leverage the Six Sigma technique Black Belt 1989 – 1993 @ “The Strategy Vision for Accelerating Six Sigma Within Motorola” Motorola: 100,000 workers, 52 locations, 14 nations 1989, Six Sigma Research Institute Training: “Short Cycle Knowledge Transfer” Plan Train Apply Review 6? Strategic Guidelines 1993 – 1993 @ Tactics: Master Black Belt, Green Belt, Champion Good quality would inevitably lead to good financial results Kjell Magnuson: “High level executives focused only on clear quantifiable gains“ “It should not be quality first, but business first” 1993 - 1994 (Allied Signal) CEO: Larry Bossidy Business Focus: high financial-leverage projects Leadership forms a