18Stress and health psychology课件.ppt

Stress and health psychology liudexiang Overview Source of stress Coping with stress How stress affects health Staying healthy Extreme stress Stress Stress: A state of psychological tension or strain. Health psychology: A subfield of psychology concerned with the relationship between psychological factors and physical health and illness. Sources of stress Stressor: Any environmental demand that creats a state of tension or threat and requires change or adaptation. Sources of stress Change Everyday hassles Self-imposed stress Stress and individual differences Everyday hassles Pressure: A feeling that one must speed up, intensify, or change the direction of one’s behavior or live up to a higher standard of performance. Frustration: The feeling that occurs when a person is prevented from reaching a goal. Everyday hassles Conflict: Simultaneous existence of incompatible demands, opportunities, needs, or goals. Types of conflict Approach/approach conflict Avoidance/avoidance conflict Approach/avoidance conflict Approach/approach conflict Approach/approach conflict : According to Lewin, the result of simultaneous attraction to two appealing possibilities, neither of which has any negative qualities. Avoidance/avoidance conflict Avoidance/avoidance conflict: According to Lewin, the result of facing a choice between two undesirable possiblities, neither of which has any positive qualities. Approach/avoidance conflict Approach/avoidance conflict: According to Lewin, the result of being simultaneously attracted to and repelled by the same goal. Coping with stress Direct coping Defensive coping Direct coping Confrontation: Acknowledging a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution to the problem or to attain the difficult goal. Direct coping Compromise: deciding on a more realistic solution or goal when an ideal solution or goal is not practical. Withdrawal: Avoiding a situation when other forms of coping are not practical. Defensive copin