不同造林措施对香椿退耕混交造林成活率和生长量影响.docVIP

不同造林措施对香椿退耕混交造林成活率和生长量影响 　　摘要 调查退耕地香椿混交造林不同保水措施对香椿成活率和生长量的影响，结果表明：不同保水处理对香椿造林成活率影响不明显。在水热条件较好的黎平等南方地区，提高香椿造林成活率只需常规泥浆浆根并适时选择冬春雨季造林即可，为确保植苗均匀成活可采用塑料薄膜覆盖大穴表面保湿处理。香椿阳坡生长量大于阴坡，实施退耕地混交造林有利于生态环境的快速修复。 关键词 香椿；混交造林；成活率；生长量 中图分类号 S794.9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2013）20-0146-01 Effect of Different Afforestation Measures on Survival Ratio and Growth of Mixed Forest of Chinese Toon in Steep Farmland ZHU Min 1 LONG Qian 2 PAN Qi-min 1 * （1 Forest Bureau of Liping County in Guizhou Province，Liping Guizhou 557300； 2 Dongfeng Forest Farm of Liping County） Abstract This article studied the effects of different water retention measures on survival ratio and growth of mixed forest of Chinese toon in steep farmland.The results showed that there were no significant effects of different water retention treatment on Chinese toon′s survival rate.In a better hydrothermal conditions such as Liping County，it could raise the survival rate of Chinese toon that only conventional mud slurry root and timely forestation in winter and spring rainy season. To ensure the survival rate of planting uniform，we could use plastic film to cover the surface of the large hole moisturizing treatment. The growth of Chinese toon in sunny slopes was greater than that in shady slope，mixed forestation of abandoned steep farmland was in favor of the quick fixing of the ecological environment. Key words Chinese toon；mixed forest；survival ratio；growth 香椿[Toona sinensis（A.Juss.）Roem]为楝科香椿属高大落叶乔木，为浅根性喜光速生树种，耐水湿，有较强的抗旱性，是我国特有的珍贵多用途树种，具有材用、菜用、药用和观赏价值[1-2]。香椿干形通直少节，木材花纹美丽，色泽红润，芳香有光泽，且抗腐防蛀，素有“中国桃花心木”之称。香椿在我国北方多为菜用矮化栽培，南方多散生于村旁地角，国内成片用材林栽培尚不多见，香椿木材市场几乎是空白[3-4]。为推广这一优良树种，丰富黎平县造林树种，并为该树种造林提供有效的造林技术，结合退耕还林项目实施，在退耕地上与桤木混交营造了5.33 hm2混交林，安排了香椿造林成活率试验。通过研究十二年生林地调查数据，对发展香椿造林展开分析讨论，以期在调整树种结构中为推广香椿造林提供参考。 1 材料与方法 1.1 造林地概况 造林地位于黎平县高屯镇境内，地处东经109°30′，北纬26°50′，丘陵地貌，属中亚热带季风湿润气候，年均气温15.6 ℃，海拔410 m，1月平均气温4.3 ℃，7月平均气温25.9 ℃，无霜期279 d，年均降水量1 325.9 mm。具体位置为八舟河鸬鹚架景区上游北岸河边一级山冲两侧，为面积相当、坡向相向（分别为西南、东北方向）的坡耕地各1片，总面积约5.3