吉林不同年代大豆育成品种产量与品质性状变化-吉林农业科学院.pdfVIP

吉林省不同年代大豆育成品种产量与品质性状变化趋势 郑宇宏陈亮孟凡凡范旭红张云峰孙星邈王明亮王曙明* （吉林省农业科学院大豆研究所/大豆国家工程研究中心，长春130033） 摘要：为了明确吉林省不同年代育成大豆品种产量及品质性状的变化趋势，对吉林省 1923-2015 年期 间育成的368 个大豆品种进行了农艺性状和品质性状的演变分析。结果表明：吉林省92 年来育成的大豆品 种随着年代推移育成数量逐渐增加，2000 年以后育成品种达238 个。在品种改良过程中，产量、百粒重、 油分含量呈增加趋势，增幅分别为每年0.92%、0.07%和0.03% ；蛋白质含量、油份蛋白总量及生育期呈下 降趋势，降幅分别为每年0.04%、0.05%和0.02% 。品种区域试验的平均产量由1923 年的1743.1 kg/hm2 增 至2015 年的2951.7 kg/hm2 ，其中油份含量≧22% 的有69 个，蛋白质含量≧44% 的有23 个，特用型品种 37 个。通过对这些品种的主要农艺性状和品质性状进行比较，分析其演变趋势，解析品种更替的原因，为 今后新品种选育提供参考和指导。 关键词：大豆；产量；品质；演变 Changes of Yield and Quality Traits of Soybean Cultivars Released during Different Stages in Jilin Province ZHENG Yu-hong , Chen Liang，MENG Fan-fan，FAN Xu-hong, ZHANG Yun-feng,SUN Xing-miao, * WANG Ming-liang, WANG Shu-ming (Soybean Research Center, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Changchun 130033,China) Abstract ：In order to pinpoint the change trend of yield and quality of soybean varieties released during different stages, the evolution of agronomic and quality traits of 368 soybean cultivars released during 1923-2015in Jilin Province were analyzed. The results showed thatthe number of soybean cultivars released during 92 years gradually increased as time went on, the number of soybean cultivars released since 2000 has been up to 238. In the process of breeding improvement, yield, 100-seed weight and oil content showed an increasing trendby 0.92%, 0.07% and 0.92% per yearrespectively; protein content, total content of protein and oil, and growth period are on the declineby 0.04%, 0.05% and 0.04% per yearrespectively. The average yield of variety regional test increased from 1743.1 kg/hm2 in the early 1923 to