现代数控机床原理与结构双语课件作者郁元正第2Motionandcoordinatesystems.ppt

Thinking… Identify primary motions and feeding motions. 尚辅网 / Chapter 2 Motions coordinate system of Machine tools 2.1 Motions of machine tool 2.2 Machine tool drive 2.3 Coordinate systems 2.1 Motions of machine tool 2.1.1 Purpose of motions The purpose of machine tool motions is to remove materials from workpieces to obtain required shapes, dimensions and surface quality. Motion essentials are tool motions, workpiece motions, and cutting motions. 2.1.2 Surface forming motion Surface forming motion is the relative cutting motion between tool and workpiece. Types and quantity of surface forming motion determine shape of workpiece, machining method and tool constructions Outer circular surface turning Surface forming motion consists of : Primary motion Feeding motion 1) Primary motion Primary motion causes relative motion between cutting tool and workpiece, and remove material from workpiece. Examples of primary motions: Rotary motion of workpiece (turning) Rotary motion of cutting tools (drilling, milling, boring) Reciprocating motion of cutting tools (broaching, planing) Every machining process must have, and only has a primary motion. 2) Feeding motion Feeding motion causes an secondary relative motion between cutting tool and workpiece, and enables tool can continuously remove material from workpiece to form a desired shape. Examples of feeding motion Axial and radial motions of cutting tool (turning) Step motions of cutting tool or workpiece (planing) Note: Feeding motion can be performed by both cutting tools or workpieces; Two or more feeding motions can co-exist (gear hobbing); Zero feeding motion is possible (broaching). Planing Broaching Milling 2.1.3 Assistant motions All motions other than surface forming motions, including plunge motion, indexing motion, alignment motion, fast moving, and other actions. 1) Plunge motion Plunge cutting tool into workpiece to obtain a certain dimension 2) Indexing motion 　Periodical moving