汉语个字之我见.docVIP

汉语“个”字之我见 英语2049班 秦超 200407308 19号 摘要： “个”字在汉语中是使用频率比较高的量词，它可以用于没有专用量词的名词的事物，也可以用于某些本身有专职量词的事物。根据北京语言教学研究所编写的《现代汉语频率词典》统计可知，“个”字在使用频率最高的前8000次中居第九位，可见其使用范围之广，频率之高。本文对“个”字在现代汉语中出现的情况进行了归纳，将其主要分为三类用法：1.量词 2.助词 3.衬音，并通过多种方法来分析这三类用法之间的关系。 本文第一部分对“个”的分布环境从数的角度将之归类描写并做出解释。第二部分对“个”的色彩意义进行了考察，并解释了产生这种色彩意义的原因。第三部分对“个”的产生发展做了概要的解释。 关键词：非典型量词；衬音；色彩意义 My Understanding on ‘Ge’ in Chinese Abstract ‘Ge’, a quantifier, is a word used in Chinese. It can be used in some objects which have no special quantifier nouns, or it can also be applied to things that have special quantifiers. According to Modern Chinese Frequency Dictionary complied by Beijing Language Teaching Research, it is estimated that ‘Ge’ is located in the ninth place among eight thousand words, which are the most frequent words used in the daily life. It is obvious that ‘Ge’ is a quite common word. This article makes a detailed summary under which ‘Ge’ has appeared in modern Chinese and classifies it into three types according to its number characteristic: the first, it is a quantifier; the second, it is a particle; and the third, it is a setoff syllable. At the same time, the article uses many methods to analyze and explain the relation among these three speech parts. In the first part, the article classifies ‘Ge’ and describes its background according to the number aspect. In the second part, the article makes an investigation into the flavor meaning of ‘Ge’ and explains its causes. In the third part, the article generally explains the causes of ‘Ge’ in its coming into being and its developing. Key Words: untypical measure word; setoff syllable; flavor meaning. “个”字的划分历来就是具有争议的一个话题。究其原因，主要是“个”字在现代汉语中分布的复杂性，导致其似乎无规律可寻。但是，利用前贤们大量丰富的文学作品和研究成果，我们可以将“个”字主要分为量词，助词，衬音三种用法。而量词的用法又分为典型量词和非典型量词两种，由于典型量词“个”已被分析得比较透彻，因此将不纳入本文的讨论范围之列。在这三种用法中，“个”字与前后成分的搭配都比较特殊，本文将对其做出充分的归纳和解释。 1. 非典型量词“个”的分布情况 非典型量词“个”的特点：首先，在“个”字之前可以加上数词“一”及其他特定的几个数词，不可以加上任意一个数词，否则将改变句子的意义。其次，部分“个”字在句子中起连接结构成分的作用，不能省略，否则句子将不成立。 这种用法的“个”分布情况如下： 1.1“个”和“有”