露天采石场边坡稳定因素浅析.docxVIP

Ξ露天采石场边坡稳定因素浅析邱平 工程师张喜中工程师450003)(河南省职业安全健康协会 ,郑州学科分类与代码 :620 . 50中图分类号 :X913 . 4文献标识码 :A【摘要】 忽视对露天采石场边坡稳定问题的分析研究 ,放松管理必然导致重大事故的发生 。通过对 1984 —2001 年河南省露天采矿场重 、特大事故分析得出如下结论 : 18 年间重特大事故共发生27 起。分为两类 ,一类是放炮事故 ,一类是边坡坍塌事故。放炮事故 3 起、死亡 13 人 ,事故起数和死亡 人数分别占 11. 11 %和 10. 08 % ; 坍塌事故 24 起、死亡 116 人 ,事故起数和死亡人数分别占88. 89 %和89. 92 %。统计分析和经验告诫 :深入了解露天采石场边坡稳定因素 ,加强边坡管理是实现露天采石场安全生产的重中之重。【关键词】 露天采石场 ;边坡破坏 ;因素分析 ;技术要求Preliminary Analysis of Rock Brink Stability Factors in Opencast QuarryQIU Ping , Engineer ZHANG Xi2zhong , Engineer( Henan Occupational Safety Health Association , Zhengzhou 450003 ,China)Abstract : To neglect the study and analysis of rock brink stability in opencast quarry and to loose the manage2ment would undoubtedly cause the severe accident to occur . Through the analysis of fatal accidents occurred inHenan opencast mining fields in 1984 —2001 , it could be concluded as follows. In 18 years all together there were 27 fatal accidents occurred , which could be categorized into two categories. One is explosion accident andthe other is collap se accident . There were 3 explosion accidents causing 13 deaths occupying 11 . 11 % of the to2 tal accidents and 10 . 08 % of the total deaths respectively. There were 24 collap se accidents causing 116 deaths occupying 88 . 89 % of the total accidents and 89 . 92 % of the total deaths respectively. From the statistic analy2 sis and experience it is known that to study the stability of the slope in depth and to strengthen the management of rock brink in quarry are the first priority of work safety in opencast mining field.Key words : opencast quarry ; rock brink deterioration ; factor analysis ; technical requirement近年来 ,笔者所在单位承担安全预评价报告的评审工作 ,发现多数评价单位在对露天采石场进行 评价中 ,忽视边坡结构和特点 ,对边坡破坏的类型和 发生的条件不够重视 ,更难提出有针对性的预防发 生边坡破坏事故必要的管理措施 。笔者认为 ,研究露天采石场事故发生规律 ,深入 分析边坡稳定因素有助于推动安全评价工作向深层 次发展 ,同时也为矿山企业提供边坡管理的相关技 术 ,减少和控制事故发生 ,促进采矿业健康发展 。引言1根据《中华人民共和国安全生产法》规定“矿山建设项目应当按照国家有关规定进行安全条件论证和安全评价”。“依法设立的为安全生产提供技术服务的中介机构 , 依照法律 、行政法规和执业准 则 ,接受生产