Critical Thinking - Eigenauer_11166：批判性思维eigenauer_11166.pptVIP

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Critical Thinking - Eigenauer_11166：批判性思维eigenauer_11166.ppt

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Critical Thinking - Eigenauer_11166：批判性思维eigenauer_11166

Critical Thinking Dr. John Eigenauer Taft College Questions to be Answered Why should CT be taught? What will be accomplished by teaching CT as a separate discipline? How should CT be taught? How will gains be measured? Why teach critical thinking? Strong correlation between trained critical thinking skills and GPA. Critical thinking improves with correct training. Strong correlation between trained critical thinking and reading skills. One critical thinking course is roughly equivalent to four years of undergraduate education. CT improves with training. What will be accomplished? The Parts of Critical Thinking Interpretation Analysis Evaluation Inference Explanation Self-regulation The Parts of Critical Thinking 1. Interpretation: Correctly extracting the intended and essential meaning from information.2. Analysis: To assess the parts and relationships of communication.3. Evaluation: To use intellectual standards to judge the truth, credibility, or logical strength of a statement.4. Inference: To draw reasonable meaning, conclusions, or consequences from information, knowledge, or evidence. 5. Explanation: To “attempt to show why or how something happens” (William Hughes).6. Self-regulation: To consistently apply rules of intellectual expertise to ones own arguments. /criticalthinking Considerations Students Teachers Methods From Dartmouth Confuse arguments with opinions. Do not address complexities of an issue. Use first legitimate source for their opinion. Complex issues incapacitate their ability to take a stand. Will defend personal opinion despite evidence. Research on the State of Student CT Abilities “Unfortunately, the results of any number of national and international studies indicate that few high school graduates (or entering college students) are able to apply higher-order thinking skills to problems faced in everyday life (see e.g. NSF, 1996). Controlled studies in psychology and education confirm this finding. They indicate that most stude