英语-电子信息工程16.pptVIP

Passage B Summary of the Main Parameters 　　　　　　 in WCDMA 　　We present the main system design parameters of WCDMA in this section and give brief explanations for most of them. Table 16.1 summarizes the main parameters related to the WCDMA air interface. Here we highlight some of the items that characterize WCDMA. 　　· WCDMA is a wideband Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) system, i.e. user information bits are spread over a wide bandwidth by multiplying the user data with quasi-random bits (called chips) derived from CDMA spreading codes.［1］ In order to support very high bit rates (up to 2 Mbps), the use of a variable spreading factor and multicode connections is supported. An example of this arrangement is shown in Figure 16.5. Figure 16.5 Allocation of bandwidth in WCDMA in the Time-frequency-code space 　　· The chip rate of 16.84 Mcps leads to a carrier bandwidth of approximately 5 MHz. DSCDMA systems with a bandwidth of about 1 MHz, such as IS-95, are commonly referred to as narrowband CDMA systems. The inherently wide carrier bandwidth of WCDMA supports high user data rates and also has certain performance benefits, such as increased multipath diversity. Subject to his operating license, the network operator can deploy multiple 5 MHz carriers to increase capacity, possibly in the form of hierarchical cell layers. Figure 16.1 also shows this feature. The actual carrier spacing can be selected on a 200 kHz grid between approximately 4.4 and 5 MHz, depending on interference between the carriers. 　　· WCDMA supports highly variable user data rates, in other words the concept of obtaining Bandwidth on Demand (BoD) is well supported. The user data rate is kept constant during each 10 ms frame. However, the data capacity among the users can change from frame to frame. Figure 16.1 also shows an example of this feature. This fast radio capacity allocation will typically be controlled by the network to achieve optimum throughput for packet