绿脓素对降解原油的微生物菌群的影响.pdfVIP

2011 年第 69 卷 化 学 学 报 Vol. 69, 2011 第 12 期, 1483～1490 ACTA CHIMICA SINICA No. 12, 1483～1490 ·研究论文· 绿脓素对降解原油的微生物菌群的影响 夏文杰 董汉平 俞 理* ( 中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所 廊坊 065007) 摘要 铜绿假单胞菌 WJ-1 是从蒙古林油田油水样中分离得到的一株能够以原油为唯一碳源, 通过合成某些代谢产物 增加其环境竞争力和存活率的烃降解菌. 用氯仿从 WJ-1LB 培养液中萃取绿脓素, 气相色谱-质谱法(Gas chromato- graph-Mass Spectrometry, GC-MS)分析得该物质为 1-羟基吩嗪. 通过在原油培养基中加入和未加入 0.2 g/L 绿脓素, 培 养 32 d 来研究绿脓素对烃降解菌群 T2 的群落结构和原油降解能力的影响. 变性梯度凝胶电泳(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, DGGE)分析结果表明: 在 32 d 的原油降解中, 含有绿脓素的培养液中 T2 菌群多样性减少. 气相色 谱和棒薄层层析分析得: 含有绿脓素的培养液中原油的芳香族烃等非烃类和正构烷烃中长链组分的降解率比未加入 绿脓素的要低. 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase)活性检测结果表明: 不同菌体的过氧化氢酶和超氧化物 歧化酶含量与活性不同, 引起对绿脓素抗性的差异. 可见绿脓素对烃降解菌群的结构和原油降解能力有负面影响. 关键词 铜绿假单胞菌; 1-羟基吩嗪; 微生物群落; 原油降解 Effect of Pyocyanin on a Petroleum-Degrading Microbial Community Xia, Wenjie Dong, Hanping Yu, Li* (Institute of Porous Flow Fluid Mechanics, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Langfang 065007) Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa WJ-1 is a crude-oil degrader that is isolated from Menggulin petro- leum reservoir and could utilize the crude oil as sole carbon source to produce some metabolites that en- hance its competitiveness and survival in many environments. Pyocyanin extracted from LB culture solution of stain WJ-1 was identified as 1-hydroxyphenazine by using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry tech- nology. To examine the effects of pyocyanin on microbial community structure and oil degradation, an oil-degrading culture with oil-degrading community T2 was cultivated with or withou