海运空箱调运论文：沿海港口的集装箱空箱优化调度策略研究.docVIP

海运空箱调运论文：沿海港口的集装箱空箱优化调度策略研究 【中文摘要】经济发展的不平衡导致贸易流失衡,使得集装箱空箱的供给与需求不对称,因此就产生了集装箱的空箱调运,这是困扰航运企业发展经营的重要问题之一。因此,对空箱调运问题进行切实有效的优化,有效的组织和调配空箱流动,降低集装箱空箱的调运成本对所有航运企业都是至关重要的。空箱调运问题已经越来越受到学术界和航运企业的重视,并进行了相应的研究,但目前航运公司大都沿用经验调度的方式。随着集装箱运输实践的深入和时间的推移,提出更加符合实际集装箱运输网络的空箱调运的理论、模型和方法将是十分必要的。全文的主要研究内容如下：从集装箱的流转过程入手,对空箱调运系统进行了界定,将空箱调运问题划分为陆上空箱调运及海上空箱调运。本文重点研究了比陆运空箱调运系统更加复杂的海运空箱调运系统,分别从系统的构成、空箱的需求及供应的角度对其进行了详细的分析。在现有研究成果基础上,针对传统的固定港策略提出了一种新的调箱策略：不确定港策略。此调箱策略只确定大体空箱流,当空箱装船时并不确定港,当到达下一挂靠港口时,根据需求再确定卸箱数量。并针对两种不同的调箱策略分别建立了以综合运输费用最小为目标的数学模型。文章接下来对长期以来困扰航运公司的空箱调运问题进行了定量分析,应用遗传算法来求解海运空箱调运模型,结合实例对空箱调运产生的综合费用进行了详细的分析比较。通过对两种调箱策略的比较结果说明,在贸易平衡模式下,固定港策略略有优势,但在常见的贸易不平衡模式中,不确定港策略无论在何种空箱需求分布下优势都更加明显。通过对中国沿海港口间空箱调运的计算分析表明,应用遗传算法对海运空箱调运系统进行求解是可行的,可以快速、合理地确定空箱调运最优的数量、地点以及时间,具有一定的实用参考价值,值得深入研究。 【英文摘要】The imbalance of economy’s development results in the unbalance of trade flow that caused serious imbalance between the supply and demand of empty containers. Empty containers reposition is one of the most important problems for the shipping companies. As a result, it抯 very central for every shipping company to organize the flow of empty container effectively and raise the efficiency of empty container allocation.Empty containers reposition has drawn great attention from the scholars and the enterprises, and they proceed homologous research. But now most of the shipping companies still distribute the empty containers with experience. It is necessary and significant to put forward theory, model and method to match the current transportation net抯 development. From the angle of the shipping company and using the land empty containers distribution theories for reference, the optimization model is constructed for empty reposition, so that the optimization of routing, quantity and time is available. The contents and innovative points of this paper include:Through studying the procedure of container delivery, the whole systems of empty reposition is assorted of the land-reposition and the sea-reposition. This paper r