声固耦合论文：高速列车车厢内噪声预测分析.docVIP

声固耦合论文：高速列车车厢内噪声预测分析 【中文摘要】列车高速化已经是当今世界铁路客运的大趋势,高速带来高噪声,这与产品设计要以人为本的精神相违背,所以控制噪声势在必行。而车身设计初期的噪声预测对于缩短车身设计周期、降低设计成本、提高设计质量有重要意义。首先,对高速列车车身建立了简化的模型。主要包括结构模型、声学模型和声固耦合模型,对结构模型和声—固耦合模型进行了模态分析,对有座椅的声学空腔模型和座椅加人的声学空腔模型进行了模态分析,从模态频率和模态振型两方面进行了对比。对比结果表明耦合模态固有频率比结构模态和空腔模态固有频率低,耦合系统的振型与车身结构模型及空腔模型的振型基本对应。然后,介绍了谐响应在列车车身动态分析中的应用。先对列车车身结构模型和耦合模型进行了谐响应分析,对结果进行了对比,得出声固耦合模型和结构模型的频率响应有很大的差别。之后提取耦合模型耦合面上节点的振动位移,将其作为边界条件加载到SYSNOISE中的边界元模型上,计算并得出了面场点上的声压级分布,和点场点上的声压级频率响应特性。声压分布显示：随着频率的增大,噪声密集区域由车身中部逐渐向车身前后端墙及靠近车窗的车身两侧移动,在200-400Hz频段内,又从两侧墙向车厢人行过道处移动。最后,对耦合模型进行了随机激励响应分析。先用MATLAB模拟了轨道随机加速度功率谱密度,将此激励加载到SYSNOISE边界元模型中,计算了耦合模型的声压随机响应,得出了声压级云纹图。然后将得出的线性声压级数据导出到EXCEL中进行处理,得到了点场点的A计权声压级曲线。曲线显示两排座椅侧声压级比三排排座椅侧声压级大,两侧的声压级比走廊通道的声压级大。本文利用cAE技术对车体振动及车内空腔声学特性进行了研究,基本预测出了高速列车车厢结构振动噪声的声压分布和场点频响特性,为结构优化和减振降噪打下了基础。 【英文摘要】High-speed trains is the general trend of railway passenger transport in today’s world. But, High-speed,high noise. High noise contrary to the spirit of people-oriented in product design. So noise control is imperative. Noise prediction in early car body design are important for reducing vehicle design cycle and design costs, improving design quality.First of all, I established a simplified high-speed train body model including a structural model, an acoustic model and an acoustic-solid coupling model. Then I carried out a modal analysis on structural model and acoustic-solid coupling model. And I also carried out a modal analysis on acoustic model having chair and acoustic model having chair and human body. After that,I compared the modal frequencies and modal shapes. The comparative results show that the natural frequencies of coupling mode lower than the structure of and cavity mode. Vibration shapes of coupling model correspond with the structure and the cavity mode shape.Second,I introduced the use of harmonic response in the train body dynamic analysis. I carried out analysis of the harmonic response on structural model of the train body and coupling model, compared the results. The