应用能级平衡理论确定热电联产热价研究.pdfVIP

应用能级平衡理论确定热电联产热价1 弓学敏，刘春涛，张雪东，陈永顺 （华北电力大学（保定），河北 保定 071003 ） 摘要：热电厂同时输出电能和热能，这是两种品位的能源。因此在热电联产成本的分摊上，有热电联产效 益归电法、热电联产效益归热法和热电联产效益折衷分配法，目前尚未形成一致意见。能级平衡是以既要 节能、又要能级匹配用能这样的一种观点展开过程的热力学分析，它全面考虑了能量利用的数量和质量。 本文用能级平衡观点来考察热用户的热量使用，并以上网电价为基准，提出一种确定热价的计算方法。该 方法计算简单，在理论上合理，结果也符合实际，且体现了按质用能、高质高价的思想。 关键词：工程热物理；热价；分析；热电联产；能级平衡理论 中图分类号：TK284.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号： Apply the Theory of Energy Grade to Ascertain the Heat Price of the Combined Heat and Power Plant GONG Xue-ming, LIU Chun-tao, ZHANG Xue-dong, CHEN Yong-shun (North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, China) Abstract: Simultaneous heat and electric are produced in thermal power plant, and they are two different quality energy. There are three methods to share the cost of the combined heat and power plant, such as benefit returns to electric, benefit returns to heat and their trade off. Theory of energy grade is the thermodynamic viewpoint, not only considering the energy conservation, but also the energy matching. It takes into account all the quality and quantity of the utilized energy. In this paper, theory of energy grade is applied to analysis the heat usage of heat consumer. The new calculation method takes the price of electric as basis. This method simplifies the calculation, has the reasonable theory foundation and meets the practice condition. It also reflects the idea of using energy according to the quality and high quality, high price. Key words: Engineering thermal physics; Heat price, Analysis; Combined heat and power; Theory of energy grade 引 言 热电联产是节约能源、改善环境的一项重大措施，其优越性已被越来越多的人所认识。 合理地制定热价是热电联产事业健康发展的关键所在。对于热电联产厂家，由于供出的电能 和热能在形式上不同，质量上不等价，因此其热经济性指标的制定比火力发电厂、供热锅炉 房要复杂和困难得多。供热成本的核定及热价制定的依据一直是困扰热电厂、热用户、各管 理部门以及学术界的问题。 1作者简介：弓学敏，1970年，男，汉族，山西人，工程师，本科，主要从事电力系统设计。 将总热耗量合理分配到生产的两