数控机床位置精度检测及标准研究—毕业设计.docVIP

毕业设计（论文） 题 目 数控机床位置精度 的检测及标准研究 数控机床位置精度检测及标准研究 摘要 随着数控机床在我国的发展普及，为准确把握数控机床的性能，有必要对数控机床进行位置精度检测，并对检测结果正确评价。本文对数控机床在我国的发展普及，数控机床位置精度的概念及其重要性，误差组成及误差检测项目，常用检测方法和评定标准等内容进行了介绍；同时综合利用表格、曲线、文字等形式对四种位置精度标准进行较深入的比较研究，得出了一定结论，并且通过在本校实验室实测一台数控机床所得数据进行例证。通过本课题的研究，指出了数控机床位置精度检测评定标准之间的差异，在解决由于数控机床位置精度标准不同而引发争议的问题上做出了尝试的解答。 关键字：数控机床,位置精度，位置精度检测，双频激光干涉仪，标准 Measurements and Standards of The Positioning Accuracy of The CNC Machine Tools ABSTRACT With the popularization of the CNC machine tools in CHINA, to find out the real performances of them, it is necessary to perform some measurements of positioning accuracy and make correct evaluations to the relating data. In the text, the popularization of the CNC machine tools in CHINA is introduced. Also introduced are the definition and importance of the positioning accuracy, with the positioning accuracy error and common measuring items included. Followed are the common measuring methods and the relating standards of the CNC machine tools described in details. After that, compare the differences between the four different standards thoroughly, using forms, graphs and words. Drew conclusions based on the forms, graphs and words mentioned above. Certified the conclusions with the data captured in the school laboratory tested one CNC machine tools. Through the study of the subject, the differences between the standards of positioning accuracy of the CNC machine tools are reported and made a answer to the problems concerning the debates aroused by the differences of the standards. KEY WORDS：CNC Machine Tools, Positioning Accuracy, Measurements of Positioning Accuracy, Interferometer, Standard 目录 第1章 绪 论 1 1.1 数控机床的重要性 1 1.2 数控机床发展概况 1 1.3 学习数控机床位置精度检测及评定标准差异的重要性 2 1.4 本文的主要内容 3 第2章 位置精度 4 2.1 数控机床位置精度的概念 4 2.2 定位误差的特征分量 4 2.2.1 系统误差 4 2.2.2分散性(即随机误差) 5 2.2.3 反向定位的失动量 5 2.2.4 最小可能移动量 6 2.3 机床位置精度的主要检测项目 6 第3章 数控机床位置精度的检测 11 3.1 标准长度刻度尺和光学读数显微镜检测法 11 3.1.1测量原理 11 3.1.2 测量方法 11 3.1.3目标位置及循环方式的选择 12 3.1.4 误差分析 12 3.2 双频激光干