词类的构式语法视角词类的构式语法视角.pdf

2008 5 15 3 M ay 2008 Jou rnal of T ian jin Fore ign Stud ies U n iv ersity V o1. 15 N o. 3 高 航, 张 凤 ( , 47 1003) 构式语法的出现为看待许多传统问题提供了一个新的视角在构式语法的框架 , 词类范 畴是从语言使用中涌现出来的图式性范畴, 它们是形式与意义的结合体, 语言表达式所属的词类范 畴与其所在的语法构式不可分割词类不是按照演绎规则建立的逻辑范畴, 而是人们在自然语言 使用过程中产生的范畴, 因此, 一个形式属于多 个词类范畴是很自然的现象在这 一新的视角 , 以往汉语词类研究中就存在严重的理想化倾向 构式语法; 词类; 兼类; 认知语法 Abs tract: T he rise of constru ction gramm ar o ffers new p ersp ect ives on m any o ld problem s. W ithin the fram ew ork of constru ction gramm ar, lex ical categor ies su ch as noun s and verb s are schem as th at em erge from language u se, and a lso constru ctions th at pa ir form and m ean ing. L ex ica l categories of lingu ist ic ex- pressions are insep arable from the con stru ction s in wh ich they occur. A nd lex ica l categories are no t log ical categories estab lished accord ing to deduct ive rules, but categories ex tracted from the u se of natural lan- gu age. T herefore, mu lt iple class m em bership is a natural phenom enon. Seen from this new p ersp ect ive, prev ious stud ies of w ord c lasses in Chinese are seriou sly flaw ed. K ey w ord s: con stru ction g ramm ar; w ord classes; mu ltiple classm em bersh ip; cogn itive gramm ar H 3 14. 2 A 1008- 665x ( 2008) 03- 000 1- 08 1 , , , ( C roft, 2000) 56 , , , , ( , 1996; , 1996)