从_社区参与_走向_社区增权_开平碉楼与村落为例.docx

从“社区参与”走向“社区增权”—开平碉楼与村落为例王纯阳1,2，黄福才3（1.五邑大学管理学院，江门529020；2.广东侨乡文化研究中心，江门529020；3.厦门大学管理学院，厦门361005）FROMCOMMUNITYINVOLVEMENTTOCOMMUNITYEMPOWERMENT——ACaseStudyofKaipingWatchtowerandVillagesWANGChun-yang1,2,HUANGFu-cai3(1.SchoolofEconomicsManagemen,WuyiUniversity,Jiangmen3358395,China;2.GuangdongOverseasChineseCultureResearchCenter,Jiangmen529020,China;3.SchoolofManagement,XiamenUniversity,Xiamen361005,China)Abstracts:Communityresidentsplayanimportantroleintourismimageofvillageheritagesites,whoseattitudesandbehaviorshaveadirectimpactontouristsexperienceandfeelingsandimpressionondestination.However,communityinvolvementhasntrealized,anddegreeofinvolvementandlevelofinvolvementaregenerallylowintourismdevelopmentpractice.Communityresidentsareengagedinnon-technicalorsemi-skilledworkwhichinvolveineconomicactivitiesandseldominterveneinmanagementanddecision,andtheyarelackofinvolvementandinterestsaredamagedinpolitics,economicsandsociety,whichresultincultureheritage,canbeeffectivelyprotected.Communityinvolvementisanindividualandpassiveprocess.Subjectpositionofcommunityresidentsinessenceisignored,whichisthereasonthatinvolvementofcommunityresidentsfailinpractice.Therefore,onlyiftherightandsystemframeworkwillbesetupbycommunityempowerment,subjectpositionofcommunityresidentsarebehighlightedintourismdevelopment.Communityempowermentextendsfurthercommunityinvolvement,whichisanimportantwaytopromotevalidityofcommunityinvolvement.Tomakecommunityinvolvementbeputintopracticeaswell,thecommunityresidentsshouldbeempoweredinthedifferentaspects.Thispaperanalyzesthepresentsituationandproblemsofcommunityinvolvementintourismdevelopmentandputsforwardcommuniyempowermentincludingeconomicalempowerment,psychologicalempowerment,socialempowermentandpolicticalempowermenttofindeffectivemeanstocommunityinvolvement,whichwillprovideascientificevidencefortourismadministrativedepartmenttomakeapolicy.Keywords:villageheritagesites;communityinvolvement;communityempowerment提要：社区增权是社区参与内涵的进一步拓展，是提升社区参与有效性的重要途径。要使社区参与真正