汽车用纺织品 第五章 汽车用非织造材料的生产技术.pdf

第五章 汽车用非织造材料的生产技术 第一节 非织造材料的定义与分类 第二节 非织造材料的结构与性能 第三节 非织造材料用纤维原料 第四节 非织造材料成网工艺和原理 第五节 纤维网加固技术 第六节 纺丝成网工艺与原理 第七节 熔喷工艺 1 第一节 非织造材料的定义与分类 一.非织造材料的定义 1.国家标准（GB/T5709-1997 ） 定向或随机排列的纤维通过摩擦、抱合或粘合或者这些 方法的组合而相互结合制成的片状物、纤网或絮垫（不 包括纸、机织物、簇绒织物，带有缝编纱线的缝编织物 以及湿法缩绒的毡制品）。所用纤维可以是天然纤维或 化学纤维；可以是短纤维、长丝或当场形成的纤维状 物。 为了区别湿法非织造材料和纸，还规定了在其纤维成分 中长径比大于300的纤维占全部质量的50%以上，或长 径比大于300的纤维虽只占全部质量的30%以上，但其 密度小于 3 2 0.4g/cm 的，属于非织造材料，反之为纸。 2.ISO9002 赋予的定义 A manufactured sheet, web or batt of directionally or randomly orientated fibers, bonded by friction, and/or cohesion and/or adhesion, excluding paper and products which are woven, knitted, tufted （簇绒）, stitch-bonded （缝合）incorporating binding yarns or filaments, or felted by wet-milling, whether or not additionally needled. The fibers may be of natural or man-made origin. They may be staple or continuous filaments or be formed in site. 3 3.INDA （International Nonwovens and Disposable Association，非织造工业协会）赋予的定义 Nonwoven fabrics are broadly defined as sheet or web structures bonded together by entangling fiber or filaments (and by perforating films) mechanically, thermally or chemically. They are flat, porous sheets that are made directly from separate fibers or from molten plastic or plastic film. They are not made by weaving or knitting and do not require converting the fibers to yarn. 4 4.ASTM （American Society for Testing and Materials，美国材料测试学会）赋予的定义 A structure produced by bonding of mechanical, chemical, thermal, or solvent means and the combination thereof. The term does not include paper or fabrics that are woven, knitted, tufted or those made by wool or oth