The Gender-Biased Employment Effect of Exports： Evidence from China研究.pdfVIP

Front．Econ．China2014，9(2)：261-284 DOI10．3868／s060．003—014—0014—5 HaoChen，JianweiChen TheGender-BiasedEmploymentE仟l1rectOOft EExxppoorrtts：EEvviiddeenncceeftrrOOmm Cbhiinnaa Abstract Trladitionalinternationaltrade theoriesbelieve exporttradehasa positiveeffectonemploymentwhichmeansexportswouldincreasethelevelof employment with no difference between genders． Based on enterprise heterogeneity,however,thenew．tradetheoriesdoubtthisconclusion．Usingthe Chineseindustrialenteprrisedatabase(2006—2009)，thispaperreexaminesthe relationshipbe eenexportvolumeandthelevelofemployment．anddiscusses differenteffectsofexportsontheemploymentofdifferentgenders．Welfindthat althoughexportsincreasethetotallevelofemployment，enterprises’exportshave aprominentnegativeeffectontheemploymentofwomen．ThisprovesthatitiS hardtooptimizeemploymentstructurethroughthepromotionofforeigntrade， evenifitimprovestheoveralllevelofemployment． Keywords screening-matching model， enterprise heterogeneity, gender differences JELClassificatiOn C51，E24，F16 1 lntroduction To identify the source ofunemployment is an importanttask for both researchersandpolicymakersalike．Therecentdebateaboutwhetherexports increaseunemploymenthasunderscoredtheimportance．Basedonthe “Philips curve，’’therearesometraditionalinternationaltradetheoriesthatsupportthe view thatexportshaveapositiveeffectonemployment．Thatistosay,export ReceivedJune15,2013 HaoChen(圜) Institute ofInternationalEconomy,University ofInternationalBusiness and Economics， Beijing100029，China E—mail：hchen1987@163．tom JianweiChen MOE—UIBEofEducationandEconomyResearch，Universiyt ofInternationalBusinessand Economics，Beijing100029，China E—mail：chenjianwei04@aliyun．com 262 HaoChen，JianweiChen trade promotes economic growth， increasing output， and SO reducing unemployment．However,severalauthorshaveargued thatifthematching process between vacancies and unemployed workers were disturbed