Typical Cell Signaling Response to Ionizing Radiation： DNA Damage and Extranuclear Damage.pdf

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Typical Cell Signaling Response to Ionizing Radiation： DNA Damage and Extranuclear Damage.pdf

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www．springerlink．com ChinJCancerRes24~)：83—89。2012 Review TypicalCellSignalingResponsetoIonizingRadiation： DNA DamageandExtranuclearDamage HuiYu DepartmentofRadiationOncology,UniversityofTexasHealthScienceCenteratSanAntonio,7703FloydCurlDrive,SanAntonio, Texas78229,USA DOI：10．1007／s11670-012-0083-1 ~ChineseAnti-C·ancerAssociationandSpringer--VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2012 ABSTRACT TOtreatmanytypesofcance~ionizingradiation(IR)isprimarilyusedasexternal—beam radiotherapy,brachytherapy, andtargetedradionuclidetherapy．ExposuFeoftumorcellstolRcaninduceDNA damageaswelIasgenerationofreactive oxygenspecies(ROS)andreactivenitrogenspecies(RNS)whichcancausenon—DNAJesionsorextracellulardamageIike lipidperioxidation．TheinitiaIradiation—inducedcelIresponsestoDNAdamageandROSIiketheproteolyticprocessing．as welIassynthesisandreleasingIigands(suchasgrowthfactors，cytokines，andhormone)cancausethedelayedsecondary responsesinirradiatedandunirradiatedbystandercellsthroughparacrineandautocrinepathways． Keywords：Radiation；Bystandereffect；DNAdamage；Extranucleardamage Introduction apart from each other via secreted factors2[]．It is Radiation．．induced bystander．．type biological compellnig to speculate that,when cellsare in close responseswerefirstdescribedinoverlookedliteraturein contact,signaling processesmediated thr ough soluble the late 1940s．Atthattime，mostradiobiologistsstill factorsin themedium may play apredominantrole． believedthatoMythedirectlyirradiatedcellssufferedthe Severalsolublefactorshavebeenconsideredaspotential effectsofradiationexposurethrough directionizationor candidatesin the bystna der response．However，very the action ofwater radiolysis products．Recently,the little is known about hte nautre of the signaling fniding of Nagasawa na d LittleP]ni 1992 sparked mediat