2014年高考英语一轮复习：语法讲解——虚拟语气.docVIP

2014年高考英语一轮复习：语法讲解——虚拟语气 一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 　　1.和现在的事实相反 潇整理 2014学业奋斗群 234351451 　　从句：一般过去时（were/done）；主句：过去将来时（would do） 　　E.g.：I am not free today. If I ___ free today, I __ and visit some of my friends. 　　2.和过去的事实相反 　　从句：过去完成时（had done）；主句：过去完成时（would have done） 　　E.g.：If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he __ me from going. 　　3.和将来的事实相反 　　从句：①were to + 动词原形 ②should+动词原形 ③动词过去式； 　　主句should/would/could/might+动词原形 　　E.g.：If I were to see Tom, what ___ you ___ me to tell him? 　　二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 　　1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。例如: 　　1)与现在事实相反: wish + (that)+ did(were) 　　E.g.：I wish I were as healthy as you. 　　E.g.：I wish that I had a plane. 　　2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+ had done 　　E.g.：I wish I had been to the concert last night. 　　E.g.：I wish you had written to him. 　　3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would/could/might + do 　　E.g.：I wish he would forgive me. 　　2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。 　　一个坚持insist; 两个命令order,command ; 三条建议suggest , advise, propose; 　　四项要求demand, request,require, ask; 另外有:prefer、recommend 　　注意: suggest表“暗示表明”时 insist表“坚持认为”时不用虚拟语气 　　E.g.：He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes every week by themselves. 　　E.g.：The doctor suggested that she (should) have an operation at once. 　　*His face suggested that he had been punished by the teacher. 　　三、主语从句中的虚拟语气 　　1. Itbe+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+… 　　过去分词：suggested, requested, ordered,proposed 　　E.g.: It is required that nobody (should) smoke here. 　　E.g.: Its suggested that everybody (should) buy a dictionary 　　2. It be+形容词+that…+(should)+动词原形+… 　　形容词:important, necessary, natural,right, wrong, better, proper, funny, strange, surprising… 　　E.g.: It is necessary that we(should ) have a walk now. 　　E.g.: Its important that we(should) take good care of the patient. 　　3. It be+名词（ a pity/a shame/ no wonder） that…+ (should)+动词原形+…(表示惊异、懊悔、失望等情感) 　　It is a regret that he (should)miss this golden chance. 　　四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 　　在 suggestion, proposal, ide