过渡金属化合物多壳空心球的制备及其应用研究进展综述与-化工进展.pdf

化 工 进 展 2015 年第34 卷第11 期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·3951 · 综述与专论 过渡金属化合物多壳空心球的制备及其应用研究进展 史雪，高婷婷，周国伟 （山东省高校轻工精细化学品重点实验室，齐鲁工业大学化学与制药工程学院，山东济南 250353 ） 摘要：过渡金属化合物多壳空心球密度低、比表面积大，同时具有较高的光俘获效率，相对于传统的简单中空 结构材料在应用中具有更显著的优势，其形状、大小、组成和壳层数可控的中空结构具有独特的性能优势。本 文主要介绍了过渡金属化合物多壳空心球的不同制备方法，如硬模板法、软模板法和无模板法；概述了不同反 应条件对过渡金属化合物形貌的影响；总结了其应用在锂电池、染料敏化太阳能电池、超级电容器和传感器等 领域时表现出的优异性能；并对过渡金属化合物多壳空心球的可控合成进行了前景展望。 关键词：过渡金属化合物；多壳空心球；电化学；催化；电子材料 中图分类号：O 614 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000 –6613 （2015 ）11 –3951 –09 DOI ：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.11.019 Progress in the preparation and application of transition-metal compounds multiple-shell hollow spheres SHI Xue ，GAO Tingting，ZHOU Guowei （Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals in Universities of Shandong，School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering， Qilu University of Technology，Jinan 250353，Shandong，China ） Abstract ：Transition-metal compound multiple-shell hollow spheres show significant material advantages in many applications over conventional simple hollow structures due to their low density， high surface area ，as well as high light-harvesting efficiency. They have unique structural features and intriguing properties，hollow structures with tunable size ，shape，composition and interior architecture. The vast array of synthetic strategies used to create multi-shelled hollow structures，such as hard templates ，soft templates and free templates methods，were summarized. With rising interest in engineering in the morphology of transition-metal compounds multiple-shell hollow spheres during the past decade ，it is found that their performance is also deeply affected by thei